Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is a complication of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in advance stage when CD4 count is less than 50 cells/cumm. Before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), approximately 30% of patients with AIDS developed CMV retinitis, which declined in 75% of cases after the start of HAART. We report a case of CMV retinitis in an HIV-positive patient who developed it as a WHO clinical stage 4 condition representing clinical failure along with dramatic decrease in CD4 count due to immunological failure on failing first-line HAART.
Key words: Cytomegalovirus retinitis, human immunodeficiency virus, highly active antiretroviral therapy, immunological failure, clinical failure
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