Objective: To document the frequency of risk factors in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients less than 40 years.
Methodology: The study was conducted from July 2010 to June 2011in Cardiology department LRH. In this study, 229 patients having age less than 40 years with acute coronary syndrome were evaluated for risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipedemia, smoking, overweight & obesity, positive family history for coronary arterydisease and C reactive protein. Frequency, percentages and Mean±SD were used for categorical and numerical variables, respectively.
Results: Total of 229 patients presented with acute coronary syndrome were studied.Among these ACS patients 73.4% had STEMI, 9.2% had NSTEMI and 17.5% had unstable angina . Male patients were 67.7 % while female were 32.3%. Frequency of risk factors were; hypertension 63.3%, diabetes mellitus 25.3%, dyslipedemia 24%, smoking 35.8%, obesity 41.5%, positive family history of coronary artery disease 28.8% and raised value of high sensitive C-reactive protein 96.5 %. Frequencies of risk factors among STEMI, NSTEMI and unstable angina were hypertension 61.9%, 66.7%, 67.5% diabetes mellitus 25.6%, 28.6%, 22.5% overweight & obesity 41.7%, 23.8%, 50.0% smoking 35.1%, 42.9%, 35.0% dyslipidemia 23.2%, 28.6%, 25.0% family history of coronary artery disease 29.2%, 42.9%, 20.0%, raised value of high sensitive C reactive protein(CRP) 98.2%, 90.5%, 92.5% respectively.
Conclusion: Majority of the young patients with ACS are male with STEMI as predominant type of ACS while hypertension, obesity and raised C-reactive protein are more prevalent risk factors.
Key words: Risk factors, young patients, acute coronary syndrome
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