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Anticariogenic activity and phytochemical studies of crude extract from some Indian plant leaves

Mahesh K Barad, kalpesh B Ishnava, Jenabhai B Chauhan.




Abstract

To screen the selected Indian plants for their antibacterial efficacy against four cariogenic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus (MTCC-*447), Lactobacillus casei (MTCC-1423), Streptococcus mutans (MTCC-890) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-96).To identify and characterize active principle present in these plants for the treatment of dental caries.he dried plant leaves materials are extracted by cold extraction using hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and distilled water. The solvents were evaporated and the dried masses were suspended in DMSO and used for anticariogenic activity by agar well diffusion method. MIC was evaluated by two-fold serial broth dilution method. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of effective extract was carried out by TLC and bioautography.Ethyl acetate and hexane extract of Eucalyptus globules was found most effective against Lactobacillus acidophilus with MIC value 31µg/ml and 62µg/ml respectively. Ethyl acetate extracts of Acacia nilotica and methanolic extract of Eucalyptus globules also exhibited antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei with MIC value of 50µg/ml. Qualitative analysis of E. globules revealed presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds and cardiac glycosides. The active principle responsible for the anticariogenic activity from E. globules were separated by TLC and subjected to bioautography using SMU, LA and LC.Anticariogenic activity and preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed that E. globule have potential to treat dental caries.

Key words: Leaves, Anticariogenic activity, Phytochemical analysis, Dental problem






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