Orchids are the most diverse and valuable plants in the world. These are the major constituents of traditional Chinese medicine. Horticulturists and collectors highly value them due to their aesthetic appeal and cultural significance. However, many orchids risk extinction due to habitat loss, over-collection, and other human activities. To address this issue, various conservation strategies have been developed and implemented. This review paper focuses on the orchids’ conservation status, threats, and conservation measures. Habitat conservation allows the long-term existence of life on Earth. The conservation efforts involve a combination of in situ and ex situ measurements. The in situ maintenance involves protecting the natural habitats where orchids grow, such as establishing protected areas and restoring degraded habitats. The ex situ measures include cultivating and preserving orchids outside their natural habitats, such as botanical gardens, seed banks, and cryopreservation.
Key words: Orchid, conservation, threat, medicinal uses, in-situ, ex-situ
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