Objective: To assess the spectrum of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in explant liver specimens.
Methodology: It was a retrospective study conducted at Histopathology Department, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad from 2015 to 2019. Non-probability (consecutive) sampling technique was used. All patients irrespective of gender, falling in age group 15-80 years, with an HCC(s) identified on histopathological examination of Liver Explant were included. Staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) and other stains (Reticulin, Orcein, Rhodanine, PAS-D, Perls, HVG) for background cirrhotic liver were performed. Immunomarkers (Glypican-3, Arginase, HepPar1 and CD34) were applied, where required. Presence and focality of tumors, histological grade/differentiation & micro vessel invasion (MVI) were noted.
Results: Out of 110 cases, 92 (83.6%) were males and 18 (16.4%) females. Mean age was 55.17±7.05 (range 36-72 years). There was a history of HCV in 77 (70%) cases, HBV in 14 (12.73%), combined HBV/ HDV in six (5.45%), autoimmune hepatitis in one (0.91%), non-A non-B hepatitis in 10 (9.09%) & non-B non-C hepatitis in two (1.82%) cases. Out of all cases, 51 (46.4%) showed solitary tumor while 59 revealed multifocal tumors. A statistical association between multifocality and serological status was not identified (p=0.50).
Conclusion: Majority of the cases showing HCC in explants of our studied population were affected by HCV, majority of them being males. Multifocality, however, was not associated with serological status. Morphological parameters revealed an association between tumor grade and focality with MVI.
Key words: Explant liver, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, hepatocellular carcinoma, microvessel invasion.
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