Abstract

Contrast media have grim toxic consequences on tubular cells of the kidney. Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common and severe impediment in patients after receiving iodinated contrast media either for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It has been reported that hydration is the most effective strategy to prevent CIN as it is inexpensive and is usually free of risks. Intravenous (IV) infusion of fluid with 0.9% normal saline infusion at a rate of 1 ml/kg/hour for 6-12 hours before the procedure and continuing after the procedure is recommended for patients with kidney diseases. The electronic literature search identified 29 potentially eligible articles for the full-text screen. Nine articles matched with the inclusion criteria. A systematic review was carried out, including nine randomized studies from PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO databases that illustrated hydration’s role in CIN. It was well documented that hydration before and during primary percutaneous coronary intervention reduced CIN’s risk. Preferable to oral hydration is cheaper and easier to administer than IV hydration and might be more acceptable for the patient in cost-effectiveness.

Key words: Nephropathy, contrast, fluid, hydration