Piper sarmentosum or also known as ‘kaduk’ in Malaysia, is one of the well-known plants with its ethnopharmacological
benefits which have various biological activity such as antimalarial, antituberculosis, antioxidant and fracture healing properties.
The objective of this study is to determine the cytotoxicity effect of hexane and ethanol P. sarmentosum extracts on human
hematopoietic stem cells (hHSC). The isolated peripheral blood mononucleated cells were cultured in the complete medium for 14
days to observe the in vitro proliferation ability of the cells. The expression of stemness marker of the cells was then determined
using RT-qPCR. The cytotoxicity of P. sarmentosum was determined by treating the hHSC using hexane and ethanol extracts.
Trypan blue exclusion dye assay was used to evaluate the viability of hHSC. Proliferation graph showed significant increase for
the number of viable cells for 14 days with activation of SLAMF1 gene. After 48- and 72-hours exposures, IC50 of hexane extract
treatment were 96.6 µg/mL and 95.83 µg/mL, respectively, while hHSC treated with the ethanol extract showed IC50 of 168.38
µg/mL and 83.72 µg/mL, respectively. This showed that ethanol extract of P. sarmentosum possessed slightly higher cytotoxicity
towards hHSC when compared to hexane extract. The results suggested that P. sarmentosum’s exhibit moderate cytotoxicity
towards human’s cells, which can be further used in the cellular therapeutic approach
Key words: Piper sarmentosum; human hematopoietic stem cells; cytotoxicity; RT-qPCR
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