Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease which influences the neurons of the central nervous system by chronic demyelination. The immune system attacks the myelin sheath and the oligodendrocyte leading to oligodendroglial cells loss, glial scarring and the remyelination stops setting off irreversible damage. The MS is classified into 4 categories: Relapsing–remitting which is considered the most common (about 85% of cases), Secondary progressive, Primary progressive and Progressive-relapsing. The treatment of MS with disease-modifying agents aims to shorten the duration of acute relapses and decreasing relapses frequency. Until now, no curative FDA-approved therapies exist, but there are 8 FDA-approved therapeutic agents able to reduce the disease progression in the relapsing forms of MS. The available therapies are immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs which preclude or delay MS progression. Regenerative medicine via MSCs could play an important role in regeneration a damaged neural tissue as MSCs not only have ability for neurogeneration but also have immunoregulative function which can control and treat MS. Exosomes derived from MSCs offer a good alternative surpassing the possible drawbacks of using MSCs such as tumorigenicity and immune rejection.
Key words: MS-treatments, regenerative-drugs, MSCs, exosomes.
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