Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon type of cerebrovascular disease. It is a partial/ complete occlusion of the dural sinuses/cortical veins. This research aims to study the characteristics and presentations of CVT patients in Medina, Saudi Arabia, and to identify the seasonal variation factor associated with it.
Methodology: Fifty-five cases of CVT were identified using medical records from King Fahad Hospital in Medina, Saudi Arabia, from January 2015 to December 2019. Data were analyzed retrospectively and compared to local and international studies published previously.
Results: Among the total subjects studied, 55 patients, 70.9% were female and 29.1% were male, with a mean age of 38.2 and 36.3, respectively. The most commonly observed characteristics were iron deficiency anemia (IDA) (41.8%) and infections (20.8%). CVT was higher in spring (33.3%), followed by summer (27.4%), with June having the highest frequency (15.7%). The most common presentations were headache (68.6%) and focal neurological defects (41.2%). Radiological findings showed superior sagittal sinus (70%), followed by transverse sinus (56%) as the most common sites occlusion.
Conclusion: Patient demographic and clinical presentation were similar to the previous studies. IDA was the most common patient characteristic, followed by infections and use of oral contraceptive pills. The highest frequencies were observed in the spring and summer seasons.
Key words: Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Clinical Presentation, Season
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