Through nanotechnology, nanosponges (NS) have great impetus to develop ongoing research in drug delivery systems. In several pharmaceutical preparations, concern about the effects and regulation of transporters on drug effects can significantly contribute to our ability to predict drug variations. An ideal drug delivery system will solubilise the active medicament at the target site to decrease or cure the disease stage. NS is solid, porous tiny sponges filled with various drug molecules in their cavities for excellent drug delivery systems that play a significant role in drug delivery to specific target sites. It can improve the aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability of drugs as they can load water and lipid-soluble drug molecules and reduce their side effects, in various dosage forms for controlled drug delivery such as oral, parenteral, topical, rectal, and inhalational dosage forms. It can also be employed as a biocatalyst carrier in drug delivery as developing drug delivery systems for enzymes, proteins, vaccines, and antibodies. The current review describes the methods of preparation of NS, types of NS, characterization, statistical design for the development of the formulation, their applications, in vitro cytotoxicity studies, recent products, patents filed in this area, and some marketed formulations of NS are all highlighted in this study.
Key words: Nanosponge, polymer, target delivery, controlled drug delivery, drug release.
|
