Gallic acid (GA) has demonstrated an antiproliferative effect on different tumor cells. This study was carried out to determine the apoptosis event, oxidative stress, and the related-antioxidant enzyme activity in HeLa cells treated with cisplatin, GA, and their combination. The morphology and percentage of apoptotic cells were evaluated using Hoechst staining and annexin V/PI assay. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured using 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate assay and spectrophotometric method. Our findings showed that the percentages of early apoptotic cells in cells treated with cisplatin (CIS) (8.8 ± 1.75%), GA (9.6 ± 0.148%), and their combination (12.83 ± 1.44%) were significantly higher than the control group (4.67 ± 0.14%). Moreover, intracellular ROS in HeLa cells treated with CIS (122.7 ± 9.45%), GA (124.7 ± 4.94%), and the combination (137.1 ± 8.99%) were significantly increased compared to the control group. The combination treatment also decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Our findings suggest that in HeLa cells, GA is combined with cisplatininduced apoptosis by increasing ROS and reducing antioxidant enzyme levels. This result will support further research related to the combination of CIS and GA as a potential cervical cancer chemotherapeutic agent.
Key words: Keywords: Gallic acid, cisplatin, ROS, apoptosis, antioxidant enzymes
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