Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is defined as critical spinal cord damage that may develop significant spinal cord dysfunction. We conducted all the aspects of the available published research on the major causes of SCI and medical and surgical intervention.
Methods: PUBMED, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases were searched for articles of SCI causes and medical treatment.
Results: SCI may result from either a direct or indirect impact. Falling and hitting the spine is an example of the direct causes. As for indirect, any strong force to the spine exceeds normal physiological movement. The cervical region is the most frequent region affected by SCIs, mostly after non-penetrating trauma, such as road traffic accidents, and sports injuries. SCIs results in catastrophic bodily, psychosocial, and occupational losses for caregivers and clients. Lifetime direct medical costs may rise to an astoundingly 1.1 to 4.6 million dollars per client, with more than a million affected in North America alone. SCI has a variety of sources, including road traffic accidents, violence, wars, pregnancy and delivery, drowning, fracture, falling and tumours. Furthermore, all the impacts are distinguished by types, prevalence diagnostic tools, treatment, prognosis and Rehabilitation. Also, compared globally according to each country's parameters and healthcare systems.
Conclusion: Statistically, research and early diagnosis of SCI shows a significant-good prognosis in real-world settings at a physical activity intensity conducive to prolonged life and known to yield health benefits.
Key words: Spinal cord injuries, Spinal cord damage, Spinal cord dysfunction, spine trauma, SCI causes and SCI management
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