Tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) is characterized by persistent secondary hyperparathyroidism following successful kidney transplantation. In this case, there is an autonomous proliferation of the parathyroid glands and an over secretion of the parathyroid hormone, which is less likely to recover spontaneously. If untreated, this disease will affect patient survival and renal allograft. Classically in THPT; there is hyperplasia of all parathyroid glands; single or double adenomas are seen in 20% of patients. This review the features of THPT, its pathophysiology, the risk factors, complications and treatment options.
Key words: Parathyroid gland, Parathyroid hormone, Tertiary hyperparathyroidism, Kidney transplantation.
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