Depending on the improvements in antenatal and neonatal care of premature and low birth weight infants, survival rates were increased but disability rates were not decreased. It has been accepted all over the world that developmental results were the most important criterion for the success of neonatal intensive care units. The developmental outcomes of these infants are the results of a complex relationship between the genetic, perinatal and social-environmental factors. Perinatal problems such as sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, intracranial hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (chronic lung disease), hearing loss, retinopathy of prematurity and growth retardation are risk factors that negatively affect the development. Prevention or early diagnosis and treatment of these problems are important for the normal physical health and development of these high-risk children.
Key words: Premature, perinatal problems, development
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