Abstract

Aim of the study: This study evaluated the antispasmodic and antidiarrheal activities of Terminalia avicennioides stem bark fractions.

Methods: Aqueous Methanol and butanol fractions were tested in vitro on rabbit jejunum. The most active column fraction (Fraction A) was evaluated in vivo in mice for acute toxicity, gastrointestinal transit, and castor oil-induced diarrhea, followed by LC-MS profiling.

Results: Fraction A caused 80% in vitro inhibition (1 mg/ml) and was safe (LD50 > 2000 mg/kg). In vivo, it significantly reduced transit and delayed diarrhea onset. LC-MS identified 14 bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenes, and phenols.

Conclusion: Findings validate the traditional use of T. avicennioides, identifying key compounds for future antidiarrheal drug development.

Key words: Terminalia avicennioides, antidiarrheal activity, antispasmodic effect, LC-MS profiling, bioactive compounds