Abstract

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious viral disease causing severe hemorrhagic enteritis, dehydration, and high mortality in dogs, particularly in young puppies. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, hematobiochemical alterations, and treatment outcomes in dogs naturally infected with CPV. Dogs younger than three months of age, free-roaming dogs, and unvaccinated dogs showed significantly higher infection rates than other groups. The most common clinical signs included depression and anorexia (100.00%), vomiting (94.25%), hemorrhagic diarrhea (89.65%), and fever (87.35%), with moderate dehydration being the most frequent dehydration degree (51.72%). Hematological analysis revealed decreased red blood cell counts, a high frequency of anemia (80.00%), variable leukocyte responses, and limited thrombocytopenia in infected dogs, whereas serum biochemical examination showed elevated AST, ALT, and BUN levels compared with normal reference values. Supportive therapy achieved a clinical recovery rate of 85.00%, based only on apparent clinical improvement. CPV infection was strongly associated with age, management conditions, and vaccination status. The disease caused marked clinical, hematological, and biochemical alterations associated with intestinal damage, dehydration, metabolic disturbance, and secondary systemic effects. Early diagnosis, appropriate fluid therapy, supportive treatment, and vaccination programs are important for improving clinical outcomes and reducing disease severity in dogs infected with CPV.

Key words: canine parvovirus, dogs, epidemiology, hematobiochemical alterations, supportive therapy, treatment outcomes.