Abstract

The management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has undergone substantial refinement in recent years, and the 2025 American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines represent a landmark advancement in the clinical use of radioactive iodine (RAI). ATA 2025 guidelines paved the way for paradigm shift from broader, routine ablation toward a personalized, evidence-informed strategy grounded in tumor biology, molecular profiling, and long-term outcome data. As thyroid cancer epidemiology evolves, and as molecular diagnostics become increasingly accessible, debate exists among the clinicians regarding the effective use of RAI. This extended commentary synthesizes the ATA 2025 recommendations while integrating contemporary literature to contextualize the modern role of RAI in thyroid oncology and prioritize the precision in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer with radioactive iodine.

Key words: radioactive iodine, therapy, differentiated thyroid cancer, ATA 2025