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Obesity and comorbid conditions: An urban population-based cross-sectional study in Northwest India

Renu Rani, Rajiv Kumar Gupta, Parveen Singh, Rashmi Kumari, Harsh K Sharma, Riya Gupta.




Abstract

Background: Obesity of late has become a challenge for public health planners both in developing as well as the developed nations. Obesity has assumed pandemic proportions worldwide.

Objectives: (1) To determine the prevalence of obesity in urban adults aged 30 years and above. (2) To find the common comorbid conditions associated with obesity.

Material and Methods: Using systematic random sampling, the current cross-sectional study was conducted among urban adults ≥ 30 years of age using a pre-designed, pre-tested, and pre-structured questionnaire. Information regarding sociodemographic profile and current health status were recorded. Anthropometric data regarding height and weight were also taken. The data thus collected were analysed, and Chi-square was used as the test of significance.

Results: Overall prevalence of obesity and overweight in both sexes was 26.43% and 43.69%, respectively. Hypertension was the most common comorbid condition. Among the various risk factors, age, sex, and socioeconomic status were significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The trends show a high prevalence of both obesity as well as overweight which is a cause of concern. Therefore, the need for early detection to prevent obesity-associated complications is of prime concern. Despite emergence of new tools, BMI remains safe and effective tool not only to calculate but also to detect pre-obesity at an incipient stage.

Key words: Body Mass Index; Obesity, Comorbid Conditions; Urban Area






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