Abstract

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) presents challenges in managing energy demand and optimizing the electric vehicle charging infrastructure in urban environments. This paper proposes an integrated spatial and temporal demand model that captures the complex interactions between the transportation network and the EV charging infrastructure. The transportation network is represented by a cell transmission model (CTM) to capture spatial distributions in traffic flow and density by discretizing the road network into a series of cells and updating the vehicle density and flow. Fast charging and battery swapping procedures, which have stochastic arrival and service rates, are represented using an M/M/s queue. The model is formulated mathematically and implemented using numeric simulations. The results show the capability of the integrated model to capture spatial and temporal dynamics of the charging demand of EVs.

Key words: electric vehicle charging infrastructure, energy demand model, cell transmission model, queuing model